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Lump in Leg or Arm: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Early Action

By Dr. Akshay Tiwari in Paediatric (Ped) Oncology , Surgical Oncology , Musculoskeletal Surgical Oncology

Jun 03 , 2025 | 2 min read

Discovering a lump in your arm or leg can be unsettling. While many of these lumps are harmless, a few may require urgent medical attention. It is just as important for a layperson to recognize when to seek help as it is for a medical professional to know when to refer a patient with an extremity lump to a specialist.

The most important question in such situations is: Could the lump be cancerous?

In other words, could it be a sarcoma?

When to Suspect a Sarcoma

Sarcomas are cancers that arise from bone or muscle tissues. They are rare, but this rarity often leads to misdiagnosis or late diagnosis. Here are some warning signs that may suggest a lump needs immediate evaluation:

Changes in Size or Shape

A lump that grows quickly or changes shape over time can be a sign of something serious. If you notice the lump getting larger, it's important to get it checked.

Pain or Discomfort

If a lump is painful or tender, especially if the pain is persistent or worsening, it may cause concern. Pain that radiates to other areas or is accompanied by numbness or tingling should also prompt medical evaluation.

Changes in Colour or Texture

A lump that becomes red, swollen, or warm to the touch could be infected or inflamed. Changes in skin texture, such as thickening or dimpling, can also be warning signs.

Accompanying Symptoms

Fever, unexplained weight loss, or persistent fatigue can indicate an underlying condition. These symptoms, when present with a lump, should never be ignored.

Size and Depth

If a lump is larger than 5 cm and/or located deep within the arm or leg muscles, the possibility of sarcoma increases. These characteristics warrant evaluation by a specialist.

What to Do If You Notice These Signs

If you're experiencing any of the red flags listed above, seeking medical attention is crucial. Because sarcomas are rare, they are often misdiagnosed. If you notice a new or unusual lump with any of these warning signs, it's essential to consult a sarcoma surgeon, also known as an orthopaedic oncologist.

Evaluation and Diagnosis

When you see a specialist, the evaluation will typically include:

A detailed medical history
A physical examination
Diagnostic tests such as imaging or possibly a biopsy

Early detection and treatment can significantly improve outcomes in terms of cure and preserving limb function.

Don't Delay – Act Early

When it comes to your health, it's always better to err on the side of caution. If you're unsure about a lump or have noticed any changes, don't wait. Consult an orthopaedic oncologist and get it evaluated today. Early action can save not just your limb, but your life.