Precautions During Chemotherapy: Do's, Don'ts & Lifestyle Tips

Chemotherapy plays a vital role in cancer treatment by targeting and eliminating cancer cells while preventing their growth and spread. However, the process can be physically and emotionally challenging. Knowing the essential do's and don'ts during chemotherapy can help patients manage side effects better and improve their overall well-being. This guide offers practical advice to navigate chemotherapy with confidence and care.

What is Chemotherapy?

Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. Depending on the type and stage of cancer, chemotherapy can be administered through various methods such as intravenous (IV), oral medication, or injections.

While chemotherapy is effective, it may also affect healthy cells, leading to side effects like fatigue, nausea, hair loss, and weakened immunity. Following certain precautions can reduce discomfort and support recovery.

Do's During Chemotherapy Treatment

Maintain a Balanced Diet

• A nutritious diet helps the body stay strong and supports the immune system. 
• Incorporate fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and beneficial fats into your diet. 
• Staying hydrated is equally important.
• Choose smaller, more frequent meals to ease nausea.
• Focus on nutrient-dense foods packed with essential vitamins and antioxidants.

Follow the Doctor’s Instructions

• Always adhere to the treatment plan prescribed by the oncologist. 
• Take medications on time and follow all medical advice regarding tests, supplements, and lifestyle adjustments.

Prioritise Rest and Sleep

Fatigue is one of the most common side effects of chemotherapy.

• Get plenty of rest to help the body regain strength and heal.
• Avoid overexertion, and practice relaxation techniques like meditation and deep breathing exercises.

Practice Good Hygiene

Chemotherapy reduces immune function, increasing the risk of infections.

• Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
• Avoid crowded places during flu season.
• Ensure wounds are properly cleaned and covered to reduce the risk of infection.

Stay Connected with Your Care Team

• Regular communication with healthcare providers is essential.
• Report any unusual symptoms like high fever, persistent vomiting, or severe fatigue immediately. 
• Staying connected helps adjust the treatment if necessary.

Don'ts During Chemotherapy Treatment

Avoid Uncooked or Unwashed Foods

• Stick to well-cooked meals and avoid sushi, rare meats, and unpasteurized dairy.
• Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly before eating.
• Avoid street food and pre-packaged salads.

Don’t Ignore Side Effects

Common side effects, such as nausea, mouth sores, and numbness in the hands and feet, should not be ignored. Early intervention can prevent complications.

Avoid Alcohol and Smoking

Both alcohol and smoking can interfere with treatment and weaken the immune system.

• Alcohol may cause dehydration and affect liver function.
• Smoking reduces oxygen levels and may impact healing.

Don’t Self-Medicate

• Avoid taking any over-the-counter medications, herbal supplements, or alternative treatments without consulting your doctor.
• Some may interfere with chemotherapy drugs and reduce their effectiveness.

Lifestyle Tips for Managing Chemotherapy Side Effects

• Stay Active: Light physical activity like walking or yoga can reduce fatigue and improve mood.
• Manage Nausea: Ginger tea, small snacks, and anti-nausea medications can help.
• Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water and avoid caffeine.
• Take Care of Emotional Health: Joining support groups and talking to counsellors can help manage anxiety and depression.

Conclusion

Chemotherapy is a critical part of cancer treatment that requires proper care and attention. Following these essential do's and don'ts can help manage side effects, maintain strength, and improve overall well-being. Regular communication with healthcare providers and focusing on self-care are vital for a smoother recovery journey.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can chemotherapy affect fertility in patients?

Yes, chemotherapy can affect fertility in both men and women. It's important to talk to your doctor about fertility preservation options before beginning treatment.

How long do chemotherapy side effects last?

The majority of side effects subside once treatment is completed, although a few may continue for a longer period. Your care team can help manage long-term effects.

Is it safe to exercise during chemotherapy?

Light to moderate exercise, such as walking or stretching, is generally safe and helps reduce fatigue. Consult your doctor before starting an exercise routine.

What should I do if I experience severe nausea or vomiting?

Severe nausea should be reported to the healthcare team. Anti-nausea medications can be prescribed to manage this side effect effectively.

How can I boost my immunity during chemotherapy?

A healthy diet, good hygiene, adequate sleep, and certain medication injections following your doctor’s advice can help strengthen your immune system during chemotherapy.