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Prostate Disease: Symptoms, Treatment & Risk Factors

By Medical Expert Team

Feb 17 , 2025 | 2 min read

Prostate disease is a significant health concern affecting millions of men worldwide, particularly as they age. Unfortunately, many men remain unaware of the potential risks or symptoms associated with prostate conditions, leading to delayed diagnoses and more severe health outcomes.

In males, the prostate is a tiny, walnut-sized gland positioned directly below the bladder. Its major purpose is to create semen, which carries sperm. As men age, changes in the prostate are common. The most prevalent prostate conditions are Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), Prostatitis, and Prostate Cancer.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

BPH is a common, non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate that affects more than 50% of men over the age of 50.

Symptoms of BPH

Frequent urination, especially at night
Difficulty starting or stopping urination
Weak urine stream

While not life-threatening, BPH can significantly affect a man’s quality of life if left untreated. Most men can be effectively treated with medications, while around 15% of men may require minimally invasive surgery.

Prostatitis

Prostatitis is the inflammation of the prostate, which can be caused by bacterial infections or other factors. This condition can occur at any age and is treatable with early intervention.

Symptoms of Prostatitis

Painful urination
Pelvic pain
Flu-like symptoms

Without timely treatment, prostatitis can result in a poor quality of life and potential complications.

Prostate Cancer: A Serious Concern

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. It often grows slowly and may not show symptoms in its early stages, making routine screening essential for early detection.

Risk Factors for Prostate Cancer

Age: Men over the age of 50 are at higher risk
Genetics and Family History: Men with a family history of prostate cancer are at a heightened risk
Race: Certain racial groups are more prone to prostate cancer
Lifestyle Factors: Unhealthy diet and smoking can increase the risk

Many men with early-stage prostate cancer show no symptoms, highlighting the significance of regular screenings.

Screening and Early Detection

Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Blood Test

When detected early, prostate cancer is highly treatable, and many men live for years after a diagnosis.

Lifestyle Changes for Reducing Risk

While some risk factors like age, race, and genetics cannot be controlled, men can reduce their chances of developing prostate disease by adopting a healthy lifestyle.

Preventive Measures

Healthy Diet: Rich in fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats
Regular Exercise
Avoiding Smoking

Studies suggest that a combination of a nutritious diet and regular physical activity can lower the risk of prostate cancer.

Importance of Regular Screening

Regular screenings are the cornerstone of early detection. Men aged 55 and older or those with a family history of prostate disease should discuss screening options with their urologists. Early detection increases the chances of successful treatment and cure.

Take Charge of Your Health

Recognising the symptoms and risk factors, along with the significance of early detection, can result in better results and a higher quality of life. Men must not ignore signs of prostate problems and should actively engage in conversations with their urologists to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.