Stroke Symptoms & How To Act During A Stroke Emergency

When it comes to stroke, every second counts. When blood flow to a part of the brain is diminished, brain cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients, it can cause a stroke. Without prompt treatment, these cells begin to die, leading to severe complications or even death. “Time is Brain” emphasises the urgency of acting quickly in a stroke emergency to save lives and minimise long-term damage.

Understanding Stroke: Types and Symptoms

Stroke can be classified into:

• Ischemic Stroke: This is the most common type, caused by a blood clot blocking a blood vessel in the brain.
• Hemorrhagic Stroke: This occurs when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, causing bleeding in or around the brain.

Recognising Stroke Symptoms

The quicker a stroke is identified, the better the chances of effective treatment. Use the BE FAST acronym to remember the key symptoms:

• Balance: Sudden loss of balance or coordination.
• Eyes: Blurred or double vision.
• Face: Drooping or uneven smile.
• Arms: Weakness or numbness in one arm.
• Speech: Slurred or difficulty speaking.
• Time: Act immediately; call emergency services if you notice any of these signs.

Read More:- When Seconds Count: The Importance of Stroke Awareness

Why Acting Fast Matters

Every minute after a stroke occurs, an estimated 1.9 million brain cells die. Delayed treatment can result in:

• Severe disability: Difficulty walking, speaking, or performing daily tasks.
• Memory loss: Permanent cognitive impairment.
• Increased mortality risk: A higher chance of death.

Quick treatment improves the chances of recovery and reduces complications. The most effective treatments, such as clot-busting medications or mechanical thrombectomy, are time-sensitive and work best when administered within a few hours of symptom onset.

Emergency Response: What to Do During a Stroke

If you suspect someone is having a stroke, follow these steps immediately:

• Call emergency services: Do not wait for the symptoms to improve. Inform the operator about the signs you observed.
• Note the time: Knowing when symptoms began helps doctors determine the best treatment.
• Stay calm and reassure the person: Keep them comfortable and avoid giving food, water, or medication.

Stroke Risk Factors and Prevention

Certain factors increase the risk of stroke, but many are preventable or manageable. These include:

Modifiable Risk Factors

• High blood pressure: Regular monitoring and medication can control hypertension.
• Diabetes: Maintain blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, and medication.
• High cholesterol: Adopt a heart-healthy diet and take prescribed medications.
• Smoking: Quit smoking to improve overall cardiovascular health.
• Physical inactivity: Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily.

Non-Modifiable Risk Factors

• Age: Stroke risk increases with age.
• Family history: A family history of stroke can increase risk.
• Gender: Men are at higher risk, though women face higher mortality rates.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Stroke recovery depends on the extent of brain damage and the speed of treatment. Rehabilitation focuses on regaining independence and improving quality of life through:

• Physical therapy: Helps restore mobility and strength.
• Speech therapy: Aids in regaining communication skills.
• Occupational therapy: Teaches daily activities like dressing and cooking.

Family support and a positive mindset are important in the recovery journey.

Raising Awareness: The Need for Education

Awareness campaigns about stroke symptoms, risk factors, and prevention can save lives. Community programs, social media initiatives, and regular health checkups are essential for:

• Promoting early detection.
• Incorporating lifestyle changes to reduce risk.
• Highlighting the importance of seeking immediate medical help.

Conclusion

A stroke is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention. Remember, “Time is Brain.” The faster you act, the better the outcome for the patient. Recognise the symptoms, prioritise prevention, and spread awareness to reduce the burden of stroke in your community. By taking quick action and adopting a healthy lifestyle, we can protect ourselves and our loved ones from this life-threatening condition.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a stroke occur during sleep?

Yes, strokes can happen during sleep, often referred to as "wake-up strokes." This makes it challenging to determine the exact time of onset.

Are there any signs of stroke in children?

While rare, children can have strokes. Symptoms include sudden weakness, speech difficulty, seizures, or balance issues.

How can I differentiate a stroke from a migraine?

Stroke symptoms are typically sudden and severe, while migraines often have a gradual onset and may include visual disturbances or auras.

Can a stroke be painless?

Yes, strokes can sometimes occur without pain, especially in cases of ischemic strokes, making it essential to recognise other symptoms.

Is stroke recovery faster in younger individuals?

Generally, younger individuals may recover faster due to better overall health and brain plasticity, but recovery varies by case.