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What is Cochlear Implant: Eligibility, Pre-Surgery & Complications

Aug 27 , 2024 | 1 min read

Cochlear implants are revolutionary devices that offer a lifeline to those with severe hearing loss. These surgically implanted devices convert external sounds into electrical signals, stimulating the inner ear and enabling individuals to perceive sound in a way that traditional hearing aids cannot.

Eligibility for Cochlear Implants

Cochlear implants are designed for adults and children with significant hearing loss and derive limited benefit from hearing aids. Adults aged 18 and older with severe to profound hearing loss in both ears are prime candidates. Similarly, children with moderate to profound hearing loss in both ears may also benefit greatly from this technology.

Who Should Not Get a Cochlear Implant?

Certain medical conditions may make cochlear implantation unsuitable. These include the absence of the cochlea or cochlear nerve, severe untreated ear infections, and severe mental illness. Additionally, those unfit for surgery or with uncontrollable epilepsy might face challenges with this procedure.

Components of a Cochlear Implant

A cochlear implant consists of an external unit that captures and processes sound and an internal unit that transmits electrical signals to the auditory nerve, creating the perception of sound.

Pre-Surgery Evaluation

Candidates for cochlear implants undergo a thorough pre-surgery evaluation. This includes a general medical check-up, hearing tests, speech perception assessments, and detailed imaging of the ear’s structure. These steps ensure the implant is suitable for the patient’s hearing loss.

Possible Complications

While cochlear implants offer significant benefits, it’s important to be aware of potential complications. Early issues can include scalp flap problems, meningitis, facial nerve palsy, vertigo, and device malfunction. Long-term complications might involve device migration, ear infections, or chronic pain at the implant site. However, for many, the chance to regain a sense of hearing far outweighs these risks.

Cochlear implants represent a significant advancement in hearing technology, offering new hope and enhanced quality of life for those with severe hearing loss.