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What is Viral Hepatitis: Symptoms, Causes, Risk & Preventions

By Dr. Vikas Singla in Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endoscopy

Aug 26 , 2024 | 1 min read

Viral hepatitis is a liver disease caused by viruses, with the most common types being A, B, C, and E. Understanding how these diseases spread, how they can be prevented, and the need of timely diagnosis and treatment is crucial for everyone.

Hepatitis A and E are typically spread through contaminated food and water. This means that practicing good hygiene and proper sanitation is essential to prevent these infections. It is necessary your hands thoroughly before eating and after using the bathroom. Street food, unhygienically prepared junk food and contaminated water are the most common sources of these infections. Hepatitis A and E, commonly cause Acute Viral Hepatitis, and occasionally need hospitalization for supportive management.

Hepatitis B and C spread through blood and bodily fluids. Common ways these viruses spread include sharing needles in drug users, unprotected sex, and from mother to baby during childbirth. To reduce your risk, avoid sharing needles, practice safe sex by using condoms, and ensure any tattoos or piercings are done with sterile equipment. Hepatitis B can be prevented with a vaccine, which is highly effective and recommended for everyone, especially newborns and healthcare workers.

While there is no vaccine for Hepatitis C, the good news is that modern medicine has developed treatments that can effectively control this infection. Hepatitis B can also be managed effectively with medication, significantly reducing the risk of severe liver disease, including cirrhosis and liver cancer.

It’s important to be aware of the symptoms of viral hepatitis, which can include jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, and dark urine. If you experience any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are key for preventing and treating these conditions and preventing serious health complications.

In conclusion, raising awareness about hepatitis and taking preventive measures are your best defenses against these infections. Vaccination, good hygiene, and safe practices can protect you and your loved ones. Remember, early intervention and modern evidence based medicine and treatment saves lives and improves the quality of life for those affected by hepatitis. Stay informed, practice prevention, and seek medical advice if you suspect an infection.