World Hypertension Day 2025: Why Awareness Matters More Than Ever

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), around 1.28 billion adults aged 30 to 79 worldwide have high blood pressure, yet nearly half of them are unaware about it.Most people aren’t fully aware of how it impacts the body or how to spot early warning signs. This lack of awareness can make it harder to manage blood pressure effectively. World Hypertension Day serves as a reminder to take the time to learn more about this condition and how to maintain healthy blood pressure. With better understanding, it becomes easier to make small changes that can lead to better overall well-being. Before we dive into what hypertension is and how to manage it, let’s first take a look at the purpose of World Hypertension Day.

History and Significance of World Hypertension Day

World Hypertension Day, observed annually on May 17, was first established in 2005 by the World Hypertension League (WHL). The primary aim is to raise awareness about high blood pressure, a condition affecting over a billion people globally, many of whom are unaware they have it. The day serves as a reminder of the importance of regular blood pressure checks and the role they play in preventing serious health complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure.

The significance of World Hypertension Day lies not only in raising awareness but also in encouraging individuals to take action. Through initiatives like free blood pressure screenings, educational talks, and social media campaigns, the day brings attention to a condition that is often overlooked.

The theme for World Hypertension Day 2025 is “Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, Live Longer!” This theme underscores the importance of accurate blood pressure measurement and effective management in preventing the health risks associated with hypertension.

What is Hypertension?

Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the walls of your arteries is consistently too high. This can occur over many years without noticeable symptoms, which is why it’s often referred to as a "silent" condition. Blood pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury (mmHg) and is recorded with two numbers: systolic pressure (the higher number, measuring the pressure when the heart beats) and diastolic pressure (the lower number, measuring the pressure when the heart rests between beats).

Normal blood pressure is usually around 120/80 mmHg. If your blood pressure consistently exceeds 140/90 mmHg, it’s considered high. Hypertension is typically diagnosed after multiple readings over time, as a single high reading may be due to temporary factors like stress or physical activity.

What are the Types of Hypertension?

Hypertension can be classified into two main types: primary (essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension. 

Primary (Essential) Hypertension

Primary hypertension is the most common form, affecting the majority of people with high blood pressure. This type develops gradually over many years and typically has no identifiable cause. 

Secondary Hypertension

Secondary hypertension is caused by an underlying health issue, such as kidney disease, hormonal imbalances, or certain medications. This form of hypertension is less common but can be more severe if the root cause is not addressed. 

What Causes Hypertension?

The causes of hypertension can vary depending on the type. In most cases, the exact cause remains unknown, but several factors are known to contribute to the development of high blood pressure. These factors can be grouped into lifestyle-related, genetic, and medical causes.

Lifestyle Factors

Several lifestyle habits are closely linked to the development of hypertension. These include:

• Unhealthy Diet: A diet high in salt (sodium), saturated fats, and processed foods can cause the body to retain more water, increasing blood pressure.
• Lack of Physical Activity: Physical inactivity leads to weight gain and higher blood pressure. Regular exercise helps the heart pump blood more efficiently, reducing strain on the arteries.
• Obesity: Excess body weight increases the risk of hypertension as it places additional strain on the heart and blood vessels.
• Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Drinking too much alcohol over time can raise blood pressure. It's recommended to limit alcohol intake to moderate levels
• Smoking: Smoking causes narrowing of the blood vessels and increases blood pressure. The chemicals in tobacco damage blood vessel walls, making it more difficult for blood to flow smoothly.
• Stress: Chronic stress can raise blood pressure. Stress hormones can cause blood vessels to tighten, leading to a temporary increase in blood pressure.

Genetic Factors

Hypertension often runs in families. If a close family member has high blood pressure, your chances of developing the condition increase. Genetic factors can influence how the body regulates blood pressure and its response to environmental factors like diet and lifestyle.

Medical Conditions

Certain medical conditions can increase the risk of developing hypertension. These include:

• Chronic Kidney Disease: When the kidneys are damaged, they may not be able to filter waste and fluid effectively, which can raise blood pressure.
• Sleep Apnoea: Obstructive sleep apnea causes breathing to stop and start during sleep, which can raise blood pressure due to oxygen deprivation and strain on the heart.
• Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels, leading to high blood pressure.
• Hormonal Disorders: Conditions like thyroid disease, adrenal gland problems, or hormone imbalances can lead to hypertension.

Age and Gender

As people age, the risk of developing hypertension increases. This is because the arteries naturally become stiffer and less elastic over time, which can raise blood pressure. Men are generally more likely to develop hypertension earlier in life, but after the age of 65, the risk increases for women as well.

What are the Symptoms of Hypertension?

Hypertension is often called a “silent” condition because it usually does not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Many people may live with high blood pressure for years without knowing it, which is why regular monitoring is important. Over time, if left unmanaged, high blood pressure can start to affect different parts of the body and lead to warning signs, especially when it becomes severe or causes complications.

Some symptoms that may appear when blood pressure reaches a dangerously high level include:

• Frequent headaches – These may be dull or throbbing and are often felt at the back of the head or behind the eyes.
• Dizziness or feeling faint – This can occur due to reduced blood flow or changes in pressure within the brain.
• Blurred or double vision – High blood pressure can affect the blood vessels in the eyes, leading to vision problems.
• Chest pain or tightness – This may signal that the heart is under strain, especially during physical activity or stress.
• Shortness of breath – Increased pressure can affect how well the heart and lungs function together.
• Nosebleeds – These are uncommon but may happen if blood pressure rises suddenly or reaches very high levels.
• Fatigue or confusion – These may develop if the brain does not get enough oxygen due to restricted blood flow.

It is important to note that these symptoms often appear only in severe or long-standing cases. Many people with hypertension feel completely fine. That is why regular blood pressure checks are the most reliable way to know if blood pressure is too high. 

How is Hypertension Managed?

Managing hypertension focuses on lowering blood pressure to a healthy level and keeping it stable. This can be done through a mix of lifestyle changes and medication, depending on how high the blood pressure is and the person’s overall health.

Lifestyle Changes

Some daily habits can help lower blood pressure and support better health:

• Eat in a heart-friendly way – A diet with more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and less salt and fat can help manage blood pressure.
• Stay active – Regular movement like walking or cycling improves circulation and supports a healthier heart.
• Keep a healthy weight – Losing extra weight can ease pressure on the heart and improve blood pressure levels.
• Cut down on alcohol and quit smoking – Both can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of heart problems.
• Find ways to manage stress – Calming activities like deep breathing, stretching, or hobbies can help the body relax.

Medications

In many cases, lifestyle changes may not be enough on their own. Doctors may prescribe medicine to:

• Relax the blood vessels
• Remove extra salt and fluid from the body
• Reduce how hard the heart has to work

Some people may need a combination of medicines to help bring blood pressure down and keep it steady.

Regular Check-up and Follow Up

Managing hypertension is not a one-time effort. Even after blood pressure improves, regular follow-ups are important to make sure it stays within a healthy range. Doctors may recommend checking blood pressure at home in between visits, especially for those already on treatment. Keeping a record of these readings can help spot any sudden changes early.

It is also important to mention any side effects noticed during treatment, such as tiredness or swelling. Follow-up appointments are a good time to talk about these concerns so changes can be made if needed.

Keeping up with follow-ups, sticking to the treatment plan, and continuing healthy habits can help manage hypertension more effectively and lower the risk of future health problems.

How You Can Contribute This World Hypertension Day

World Hypertension Day offers an opportunity to spread awareness and support healthier habits in the community. Here are some simple ways to contribute:

• Learn more about hypertension: Read from trusted sources to understand what it is, what causes it, and how it can be managed.
• Talk to others: Speak with family, friends, or colleagues about the importance of checking blood pressure and recognising early signs.
• Share helpful information: Use social media to post clear and simple messages, infographics, or videos that explain the basics of high blood pressure.
• Support local health activities: Take part in awareness drives or free blood pressure check-up camps in your area. Encourage others to attend as well.
• Promote healthy habits: Suggest low-salt meals at home, organise short walks with neighbours or co-workers, or simply encourage regular exercise and stress-relief practices.

Each small step taken today can help someone understand the risks of high blood pressure and how to manage it better. 

Final Words

Taking control of your blood pressure is an essential step for your overall well-being, and even small efforts can lead to positive changes. If you're unsure about how to manage it or have noticed any concerning symptoms, seeking guidance from a healthcare professional can help you navigate the next steps. At Max Hospital, our cardiologists are available to provide the support and care needed to help you manage your blood pressure effectively. Take the next step in prioritising your health by scheduling a consultation today.

Frequently Asked Questions

What color ribbon represents hypertension awareness?

The red ribbon is the symbol for hypertension awareness. It serves as a visual reminder to the public about the importance of regular blood pressure checks and the need for more education on high blood pressure, especially during World Hypertension Day.

Can hypertension impact memory and concentration?

Yes, untreated hypertension can have long-term effects on cognitive functions. When blood pressure remains high over time, it can cause damage to blood vessels, including those in the brain. This can lead to difficulties with memory, concentration, and overall cognitive abilities. It’s important to manage high blood pressure to prevent potential cognitive decline.

What foods should be avoided if you have hypertension?

If you have high blood pressure, it's essential to limit foods that contribute to higher sodium levels, as sodium can cause the body to retain water, raising blood pressure. Processed and packaged foods, canned soups, and fast food are typically high in sodium. You should also avoid excessive consumption of foods high in saturated fats, like fatty cuts of meat, full-fat dairy products, and fried foods, as they can contribute to increased cholesterol levels and further strain the heart. Reducing alcohol intake and sugar-laden beverages can also help in managing hypertension.

How can stress affect blood pressure?

Stress can temporarily increase your blood pressure as the body's natural response is to release stress hormones like adrenaline, which causes the heart to beat faster and blood vessels to narrow. If stress becomes chronic, this can lead to sustained high blood pressure, which significantly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke. Finding ways to manage stress, such as through mindfulness, relaxation techniques, or regular physical activity, can support better blood pressure control.

Is hypertension common in younger people?

While high blood pressure is more often seen in older adults, it’s becoming increasingly common among younger individuals. Factors such as poor dietary habits (like a high intake of processed foods and salt), lack of physical activity, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking can contribute to the rise in hypertension among younger populations. Additionally, those with a family history of hypertension may be at an increased risk, so early detection and lifestyle modifications are crucial.

Can hypertension be reversed?

Hypertension typically cannot be completely reversed, but it can be controlled and even managed effectively. Making significant lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthier diet, increasing physical activity, reducing stress, and maintaining a healthy weight, can lower blood pressure significantly. In some cases, medication is necessary to help maintain optimal levels. Consistent monitoring and following medical advice are vital for long-term blood pressure management.

Are there any natural remedies for hypertension?

While lifestyle changes are the most effective natural remedy for hypertension, several home-based approaches can help manage the condition. Regular physical activity, such as walking or cycling, can help lower blood pressure. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy can also be beneficial. Additionally, reducing sodium intake and increasing potassium-rich foods like bananas and leafy greens may help control blood pressure. However, it's essential to consult with a healthcare provider before relying solely on natural remedies to ensure that blood pressure is adequately managed.