Best Tachycardia Treatment in Delhi, India

Tachycardia is a medical condition characterised by an abnormally fast heart rate, typically exceeding 100 beats per minute at rest. While a rapid heartbeat can be a normal response to exercise, stress, or illness, tachycardia occurs when the heart beats faster than usual without a clear reason. This condition can disrupt the heart’s normal function, reducing its efficiency in pumping blood and potentially leading to serious health issues if left untreated.

Tachycardia can be classified based on the origin of the abnormal electrical signals in the heart. There are two main types: supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia. Each type can vary in severity and symptoms, depending on its location and cause.

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

This type of tachycardia originates above the ventricles, typically in the atria or the atrioventricular (AV) node. It causes the heart to beat rapidly but is usually less dangerous than ventricular tachycardia. Common types of Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT) include:

• Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): An irregular and often rapid heartbeat caused by disorganised electrical signals in the atria.
• Atrial Flutter: A rapid but regular heart rhythm originating from the atria.
• Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT): Episodes of sudden, rapid heart rate that begin and end abruptly.
• Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (WPW): A condition where an extra electrical pathway exists between the atria and ventricles, causing rapid heart rhythms.

Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)

Ventricular tachycardia originates in the ventricles, the heart’s lower chambers. This type of tachycardia is more dangerous because it can interfere with the heart’s ability to pump blood effectively, potentially leading to more severe complications such as sudden cardiac arrest. Some common forms include:

• Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia: A consistent, fast heart rhythm originating from a single abnormal focus in the ventricles.
• Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia: A variable, erratic heart rhythm that arises from multiple abnormal foci in the ventricles.
• Torsades de Pointes: A specific type of polymorphic VT that is often caused by an electrolyte imbalance or medication side effects, leading to a twisting pattern on the ECG.

Sinus Tachycardia

This type of tachycardia originates in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the natural pacemaker of the heart. It is typically a normal response to physical activity, stress, fever, or other temporary factors. However, persistent sinus tachycardia may indicate an underlying condition such as anaemia or hyperthyroidism.

Junctional Tachycardia

Junctional tachycardia occurs when the electrical impulses originate from the AV node, rather than the SA node. This can cause the heart rate to rise, typically between 100–150 beats per minute, and may be associated with conditions such as heart disease or electrolyte imbalances.

Accelerated Idioventricular Rhythm (AIVR)

AIVR is a slower form of ventricular tachycardia that often occurs in individuals recovering from a heart attack. It typically doesn't cause major health issues, but it may indicate the presence of an underlying heart condition.

Fibrillation

Fibrillation is an extreme form of tachycardia where the heart's electrical activity becomes completely disorganised, resulting in a very rapid and irregular heartbeat. It can be classified as:

• Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): A disorganised rhythm in the atria.
• Ventricular Fibrillation (VFib): A life-threatening condition where the ventricles quiver rather than pump effectively, leading to a collapse in circulation and requiring immediate medical intervention.

Each type of tachycardia requires a specific treatment approach, and early diagnosis is crucial to preventing complications.

Tachycardia occurs when the heart beats faster than normal due to disruptions in its electrical signalling. Several factors can contribute to this condition, including underlying health problems, lifestyle choices, and emotional stress.

Heart-Related Conditions

Diseases affecting the heart’s structure and function can lead to tachycardia. Conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, and high blood pressure can interfere with the heart’s ability to maintain a steady rhythm. When the heart muscle is weakened or blood flow is restricted, the heart may compensate by beating faster, increasing the risk of arrhythmias.

Electrical Pathway Abnormalities

The heart relies on a precise electrical system to regulate its rhythm. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to abnormal heartbeats. Conditions such as atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, and ventricular tachycardia cause irregular electrical impulses that result in a rapid heart rate. In some cases, congenital heart defects may also lead to tachycardia due to improper electrical pathways.

Lifestyle Factors

Certain lifestyle habits can increase the likelihood of tachycardia. Excessive caffeine or alcohol consumption, smoking, and recreational drug use can overstimulate the heart and disrupt its normal rhythm. Stimulants, in particular, can cause sudden spikes in heart rate, leading to episodes of tachycardia.

Underlying Health Issues

Medical conditions unrelated to the heart can also trigger tachycardia. Anaemia, which reduces oxygen supply in the blood, may cause the heart to beat faster to compensate. Thyroid disorders, especially hyperthyroidism, can accelerate heart rate due to excessive hormone production. Electrolyte imbalances, such as abnormal potassium or calcium levels, can disrupt the heart's electrical activity, leading to arrhythmias.

Stress or Anxiety

Emotional and physical stress can play a significant role in tachycardia. Intense anxiety, panic attacks, or extreme physical exertion can cause the heart to race. The body’s natural response to stress—releasing adrenaline—can temporarily increase heart rate, and in some cases, trigger recurrent episodes of tachycardia.

Tachycardia can develop due to a variety of factors that affect heart health and overall well-being. Understanding these risk factors can help in recognising potential issues early and taking preventive measures. These include:

• Age: The risk increases with age due to wear on the heart and underlying conditions.
• Heart Conditions: Previous heart attack, heart disease, or congenital heart defects.
• Lifestyle Habits: Excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, or the use of recreational drugs.
• Chronic Conditions: Conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or obesity.
• Stress: Prolonged physical or emotional stress can elevate the risk.
• Genetics: A family history of tachycardia or other arrhythmias.

While some individuals may not experience noticeable symptoms, others may develop signs that indicate the heart is working harder than usual. Recognising these symptoms early can help in seeking timely medical intervention.

Rapid Heartbeat (Palpitations)

A sensation of the heart racing, fluttering, or pounding is one of the most common symptoms of tachycardia. Individuals may feel their heart beating forcefully in the chest, neck, or throat, even when at rest.

Shortness of Breath

An accelerated heart rate can reduce the heart’s efficiency in pumping oxygen-rich blood, leading to breathlessness. This symptom may worsen during physical activity or even at rest in severe cases.

Dizziness or Lightheadedness

Inadequate blood supply to the brain due to tachycardia can cause dizziness or a feeling of unsteadiness. Some individuals may experience near-fainting episodes, especially when standing up suddenly.

Chest Pain or Discomfort

Tachycardia can strain the heart, causing chest pain, pressure, or tightness. This symptom is more concerning in individuals with underlying heart disease and should not be ignored.

Fatigue and Weakness

When the heart beats too fast, it cannot pump blood efficiently to the rest of the body. This can lead to persistent tiredness, weakness, and a general lack of energy.

Fainting (Syncope)

In severe cases, the brain may not receive enough oxygenated blood, resulting in sudden fainting episodes. Syncope is a serious symptom that requires immediate medical attention, as it may indicate a life-threatening heart rhythm disorder.

Sweating and Anxiety

Episodes of tachycardia may trigger excessive sweating and a sense of nervousness or panic. Some individuals report a feeling of impending doom, especially if tachycardia occurs unexpectedly.

Blurred Vision

A rapid heartbeat may cause temporary vision disturbances, such as blurriness or tunnel vision, due to fluctuations in blood flow to the eyes and brain.

Worsening Symptoms with Physical Activity

For some, tachycardia symptoms intensify during exercise or physical exertion, as the heart struggles to supply adequate oxygenated blood to the muscles and organs.

If you experience frequent or severe symptoms of tachycardia, seek immediate medical attention to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a fundamental test that records the electrical activity of the heart. It helps detect abnormal heart rhythms or irregularities, which are crucial in diagnosing tachycardia. The ECG test is quick and painless, providing a snapshot of the heart’s electrical signals, allowing doctors to assess the heart's rhythm, identify areas of disturbance, and determine the type of tachycardia present.

Holter Monitor

A Holter monitor is a portable ECG device that is worn continuously for 24 to 48 hours. This test monitors the heart's electrical activity throughout a typical day, including during sleep, physical activity, and routine activities. It provides valuable data for identifying intermittent or sporadic episodes of tachycardia that may not occur during a single visit to the doctor. It’s especially helpful for diagnosing cases of arrhythmia that happen infrequently.

Event Monitor

An event monitor works similarly to a Holter monitor but is worn for an extended period, ranging from several days to weeks. It is designed to capture irregular heart rhythms or episodes of tachycardia when they occur. The patient can activate the monitor when they feel symptoms, allowing for a more accurate correlation between the symptoms and heart activity. This test is especially beneficial for individuals with infrequent or unpredictable episodes of tachycardia.

Echocardiogram

An echocardiogram uses ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart’s structure and function. It helps doctors assess the heart’s chambers, valves, and blood flow, providing critical information about how well the heart is pumping blood. An echocardiogram can reveal underlying heart conditions that may contribute to tachycardia, such as structural abnormalities, heart enlargement, or valve problems.

Stress Test

A stress test evaluates how the heart performs under physical exertion. During this test, the patient is asked to exercise on a treadmill or stationary bike while being closely monitored. The test helps assess how well the heart responds to increased physical demands and whether it triggers abnormal rhythms such as tachycardia. It is often used to detect any underlying coronary artery disease or other conditions that may lead to tachycardia.

Electrophysiological Study

An electrophysiological study is a procedure used to examine the heart's electrical pathways and pinpoint areas of abnormal electrical activity. During this invasive procedure, thin catheters are inserted into the heart through blood vessels to map electrical signals. It helps doctors identify the exact location of abnormal electrical pathways, which is essential for determining the best treatment options, such as ablation therapy.

Blood Tests

Blood tests are often performed to check for underlying issues that may contribute to tachycardia, such as thyroid disorders, electrolyte imbalances, or anemia. The levels of potassium, calcium, sodium, and other key minerals are closely monitored, as imbalances can significantly affect the heart’s electrical system. Additionally, thyroid hormones are tested to rule out hyperthyroidism, which is a common cause of rapid heart rates.

Each of these diagnostic tests provides important insights into the heart’s function and helps doctors develop an individualised treatment plan that addresses the root cause of the condition.

The treatment of tachycardia focuses on managing the abnormal heart rhythm, improving heart function, and addressing any underlying causes. The approach may vary based on the type, severity, and cause of tachycardia, as well as the patient's overall health. The goal is to restore a normal heart rhythm and prevent complications such as stroke, heart failure, or sudden cardiac arrest. Treatment options include medications, procedures, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, surgical interventions.

Medications

Medications are often the first line of treatment for tachycardia. These can help control the heart rate, restore normal rhythm, and prevent complications. Common medications include:

• Antiarrhythmic Drugs: These help regulate heart rhythm and restore normal electrical activity in the heart. Examples include amiodarone, flecainide, and sotalol.
• Beta-Blockers: These medications reduce heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the effects of adrenaline, making the heart beat slower and more efficiently.
• Calcium Channel Blockers: These drugs work by slowing down the heart rate and improving the heart’s ability to pump blood by relaxing blood vessels.
• Anticoagulants: In cases where tachycardia increases the risk of blood clots, blood thinners may be prescribed to prevent strokes or other complications.

Electrophysiology and Catheter Ablation

For certain types of tachycardia, catheter ablation may be recommended. This procedure involves threading a catheter through blood vessels to the heart, where it is used to destroy or isolate the abnormal electrical pathways causing the arrhythmia. Ablation is particularly effective for atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and certain types of ventricular tachycardia. The procedure offers long-term relief and can sometimes cure the arrhythmia.

Cardioversion

Cardioversion is a procedure used to restore normal heart rhythm by applying an electric shock to the heart. It is typically used in cases of more serious tachycardia, especially if the patient is experiencing symptoms like dizziness, chest pain, or shortness of breath. Cardioversion can be done either as an emergency measure or as a planned procedure, depending on the urgency and the patient's condition.

Pacemaker or Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD)

For individuals with persistent or severe tachycardia, especially those at risk of sudden cardiac arrest, a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) may be recommended.

• A pacemaker is a small device implanted under the skin that helps regulate the heart’s rhythm by delivering electrical impulses when the heart rate becomes too slow.
• An ICD is similar but designed to detect life-threatening arrhythmias and deliver a shock to restore normal rhythm if necessary. Both devices are effective in managing tachycardia, preventing sudden cardiac arrest, and improving the patient's quality of life.

Lifestyle Modifications

Making certain lifestyle changes can help manage tachycardia and reduce the frequency of episodes. Recommendations include:

• Reducing Stress: Stress management techniques, such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises, can help prevent tachycardia triggered by emotional or physical stress.
• Avoiding Stimulants: Limiting or eliminating substances like caffeine, nicotine, or alcohol can help prevent episodes of tachycardia, as these can increase heart rate.
• Regular Exercise: Engaging in regular, moderate exercise helps maintain overall heart health and can prevent further complications. However, patients with tachycardia should work with their healthcare provider to determine appropriate activity levels.

Surgical Interventions

In cases of severe or treatment-resistant tachycardia, surgical interventions may be necessary. This could involve procedures such as heart valve repair or replacement, or in extreme cases, a heart transplant if the tachycardia is related to advanced heart failure or other life-threatening conditions. Surgical interventions are typically considered after all other treatment options have been explored.

Monitoring and Follow-Up Care

Ongoing monitoring and follow-up care are essential in managing tachycardia. Regular check-ups with a cardiologist, along with tests such as ECGs or Holter monitoring, help ensure that treatment is working effectively. Adjustments to medications or treatment strategies may be necessary to achieve optimal results and maintain a stable heart rhythm.

With appropriate treatment, most individuals with tachycardia can lead a normal, active life. Early diagnosis and intervention, along with a tailored treatment plan, are key to managing the condition effectively and preventing serious complications.

If left untreated, tachycardia can lead to serious health complications that may affect the heart and overall well-being. Potential complications include:

• Heart Failure: Prolonged episodes can weaken the heart, reducing its ability to pump blood efficiently.
• Stroke: Blood pooling in the heart due to inefficient pumping can lead to the formation of clots, which may cause a stroke.
• Sudden Cardiac Arrest: In severe cases, tachycardia can cause the heart to stop beating unexpectedly, a life-threatening emergency.
• Frequent Fainting: Rapid heartbeats may lead to reduced blood flow to the brain, causing recurrent loss of consciousness.

Addressing tachycardia promptly with appropriate medical care can minimise the risk of these complications and improve long-term outcomes

While some causes of tachycardia may be unavoidable, there are several lifestyle changes and preventative measures that can help reduce the risk of developing the condition:

• Maintain a Healthy Heart: Engage in regular physical activity, eat a balanced diet, and avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.
• Manage Stress: Practice relaxation techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, or yoga to reduce stress levels.
• Control Chronic Conditions: Effectively manage high blood pressure, diabetes, and other chronic conditions that may contribute to tachycardia.
• Limit Stimulants: Reduce intake of caffeine, nicotine, and certain medications that can trigger abnormal heart rhythms.
• Regular Health Check-ups: Visit your doctor regularly for cardiovascular screenings, especially if you have risk factors for heart disease.

By adopting these healthy habits, individuals can significantly lower their chances of experiencing tachycardia and improve their overall heart health.

Can tachycardia go away on its own?

In some cases, mild tachycardia may resolve on its own, especially if triggered by temporary factors like stress or exercise. However, persistent or recurrent tachycardia requires medical attention to prevent long-term damage.

Is tachycardia hereditary?

Some types of tachycardia, such as those linked to congenital heart conditions, can run in families. If you have a family history of arrhythmias, it’s important to monitor your heart health closely.

Can stress cause tachycardia?

Yes, both physical and emotional stress can trigger tachycardia by increasing adrenaline levels, which can cause the heart to beat faster.

How is tachycardia different from arrhythmia?

Tachycardia is a type of arrhythmia where the heart beats too fast, while arrhythmia refers to any abnormal heart rhythm, whether fast, slow, or irregular.

Can tachycardia affect the long-term health of my heart?

If left untreated, chronic tachycardia can lead to heart-related complications like heart failure or stroke. Proper management is crucial to maintaining heart health.

Can I exercise with tachycardia?

While exercise may be safe for some individuals with tachycardia, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine an appropriate level of physical activity based on the severity and type of tachycardia.

Are there any lifestyle changes that can help control tachycardia?

Yes, adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, stress management, and avoiding stimulants, can help control or reduce the frequency of tachycardia episodes.

Is it safe to travel with tachycardia?

In most cases, individuals with well-managed tachycardia can travel safely. However, it's important to consult with a healthcare provider, especially if travelling to areas with limited access to medical care or if the condition is not well-controlled.

What should I do if I feel my heart racing?

If you experience rapid heartbeats, try to stay calm and practise deep breathing. If symptoms persist or worsen, seek immediate medical attention to rule out more serious conditions.

Can tachycardia occur without a warning sign or symptom?

Yes, tachycardia can occur suddenly, especially in cases where it is caused by an electrical disturbance in the heart. Some individuals may experience it during rest, while others may notice it following physical exertion or stress.

Can tachycardia lead to a heart attack?

While tachycardia itself does not directly cause a heart attack, it can increase the risk of one, particularly in individuals with pre-existing heart conditions. Prolonged tachycardia can put extra strain on the heart, potentially leading to further complications.

How can I monitor my heart rate at home?

You can monitor your heart rate by checking your pulse at the wrist or neck. Alternatively, heart rate monitors or smartwatches that track your heartbeat can help you monitor your heart rate regularly.

What is the difference between atrial and ventricular tachycardia?

Atrial tachycardia originates in the upper chambers of the heart, while ventricular tachycardia arises from the lower chambers. Ventricular tachycardia tends to be more serious and may require immediate medical attention.

Can I live a normal life with tachycardia?

Many individuals with well-managed tachycardia lead full, normal lives. With proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments, you can manage the condition effectively and minimise its impact on daily activities.

Are there any long-term effects of untreated tachycardia?

Untreated tachycardia can lead to long-term effects such as heart failure, blood clots, or stroke, depending on the severity and underlying cause. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent such complications.

Can medication alone control tachycardia?

In many cases, medication plays a crucial role in controlling tachycardia, but it may not be the only solution. Lifestyle changes, medical procedures, or devices like pacemakers may also be necessary for optimal management.

Does tachycardia affect sleep?

In some cases, tachycardia can disrupt sleep, especially if episodes occur at night. If you experience sleep disturbances, it’s important to discuss this with your doctor to determine the best course of action.

Is it safe to take over-the-counter medications with tachycardia?

Some over-the-counter medications, such as decongestants or certain cold medicines, can trigger tachycardia or worsen symptoms. Always consult your healthcare provider before taking any over-the-counter drugs.

Can dehydration cause tachycardia?

Yes, dehydration can lead to an increased heart rate as the body attempts to compensate for a lack of fluid. It is essential to stay hydrated, especially if you are prone to tachycardia.

Can alcohol affect tachycardia?

Excessive alcohol consumption can trigger episodes of tachycardia by altering the balance of electrolytes and affecting the electrical signals in the heart. Limiting alcohol intake can help manage the condition more effectively.

Reviewed by , Dr. Sudheer Saxena Senior Director & Head of Department Cardiology- Cardiac Sciences, Cardiology, Cardiac Electrophysiology-Pacemaker on 10 Feb 2025.