Balanoposthitis Treatment in Delhi, India

Symptoms of balanoposthitis appear near the penis head and its foreskin. The most common symptoms are difficulty urinating or uncomfortable sexual intercourse.

Some common symptoms of balanoposthitis include:

1. Discoloration of skin
2. Pain and tenderness
3. Itching, burning or irritation
4. Dry skin
5. Frequent unusual discharge
6. Thick and leathery skin
7. Tight foreskin
8. Foul smell

The symptoms can occur in combinations depending on the cause of balanoposthitis.

The most common causes of balanoposthitis are poor hygiene, inflammatory skin diseases, infections, sexually transmitted infections, and trauma.

Infections that can cause balanoposthitis are:

1. Chlamydia
2. Penile yeast infection
3. Fungal infections
4. Gonorrhea
5. Primary or secondary syphilis
6. Herpes simplex
7. Chancroid
8. Trichomoniasis
9. Human papillomavirus

Non-infectious factors that can cause balanoposthitis to include:

1. Chronic balanitis
2. Injuries or accidents
3. Tight foreskin
4. Arthritis
5. Eczema
6. Irritation due to rubbing or scratching
7. Chemical exposure
8. Diabetes

Activity such as swimming in which the water contains chlorine or frequent use of latex condoms during sexual intercourse might also lead to balanoposthitis.

Most balanoposthitis cases occur due to moisture such as urine or sweat that trap in the preputial space that can cause bacteria or fungi infection.

Evaluating the patient's history and conducting a physical exam is sufficient for diagnosing balanoposthitis. The doctor will evaluate the symptoms of hygiene habits, allergies, infectious exposure, and sexual practices.

The doctor may collect a sample from the head of the penis to examine it under a microscope. Sometimes, a blood test or biopsy may be needed depending on the symptoms.

1. Physical exam

   The doctor may conduct a physical exam to check for physical symptoms such as pruritus, discharge, erythema, rash, and pain.

2. Blood test

   Blood samples can be collected and examined in a laboratory to identify the presence of infections or other causes such as sexually transmitted diseases.

3. Biopsy

   Biopsy is the surgical procedure of removing sample tissues from the penis to check under the microscope in the laboratory. It helps to evaluate the cause of the condition.

Treatment options for balanoposthitis depend on the cause of irritation. Mostly treating the underlying cause prevents the symptoms. If the cause of balanoposthitis is unknown, the doctor primarily focuses on minimizing comfort during sex and urination.

The most common treatment options available for the disease are antibiotics and antifungal creams. The doctor may also recommend lifestyle changes and ask to avoid potential irritants that can cause balanoposthitis.

1. Antifungal creams

   If balanoposthitis is caused by an infection, a doctor may prescribe an antifungal cream such as clotrimazole to treat the infection.

2. Antibiotics

   The doctor may recommend antibiotics if the cause of balanoposthitis is sexually transmitted diseases or other health problems. The underlying health problem is treated with antibiotics.

3. Circumcision

   This surgical procedure removes the foreskin from the penis. This method is recommended if any other treatment is unsuccessful. It is also recommended for men with tight foreskin.

Balanoposthitis can be prevented by taking precautionary steps such as maintaining proper hygiene, washing the intimate area 2-3 times a day, avoiding forceful scrubbing, or using strong soaps

1. Hygiene

   Bath every day and take proper hygienic care.

2. Stay dry

   Wash the intimate area after urinating and make sure to dry the area to prevent the urine from getting trapped under the skin.

3. No harsh soaps

   Use mild soaps to prevent skin irritation. Maintain the ph value of the intimate area.

   Always pull the foreskin as far as it goes and clean it underneath to maintain hygiene. Also, use condoms designed specifically for sensitive skin.

Balanoposthitis is a common condition found in children aged 2 to 5 years due to hygiene habits. Uncircumcised males with diabetes are at a much higher risk.

Other factors that may increase the risk include:

1. Presence of foreskin in adults
2. Poor penile hygiene
3. Washing or cleaning the penis frequently
4. Physical friction
5. Allergies to certain types of condoms

What is balanoposthitis?
Balanoposthitis is the inflammation of the glans penis (head of the penis) and the foreskin (prepuce). It's a common condition often characterised by redness, swelling, pain, and sometimes discharge in the affected area.

What are the primary causes of balanoposthitis?
Balanoposthitis can be caused by poor hygiene, bacterial or fungal infections, irritation from harsh soaps or detergents, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), skin conditions like psoriasis or eczema, and high-risk conditions like diabetes and immunocompromised persons.

What role does hygiene play in balanoposthitis?
Proper hygiene is crucial in preventing balanoposthitis. Inadequate cleaning of the penis can lead to the accumulation of smegma (a mixture of dead skin cells and oils), creating a breeding ground for bacteria and fungi that can trigger inflammation.

Can balanoposthitis be linked to sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
Yes, some STIs like gonorrhoea and chlamydia can cause balanoposthitis.

How is balanoposthitis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made by taking swabs or samples from the affected area to identify the causative organism, helping to determine the appropriate treatment.

What are the treatment options for balanoposthitis?
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. It may include improved hygiene, topical antifungal or antibacterial creams, oral antibiotics, and addressing any contributing factors like STIs.

How can balanoposthitis due to fungal infections be managed?
Fungal balanoposthitis can be managed with antifungal creams containing ingredients like clotrimazole or miconazole. Keeping the area clean and dry is also essential.

Are there preventive measures for balanoposthitis?
Maintaining good hygiene, using mild soaps, practising safe sex, and avoiding irritants are effective preventive measures. For uncircumcised individuals, proper retraction and cleaning of the foreskin are essential.

Is circumcision a solution for recurrent balanoposthitis?
Circumcision involves the removal of the foreskin, which can reduce the risk of balanoposthitis. However, it's not always necessary and should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Can balanoposthitis affect children?
Yes, balanoposthitis can occur in children, especially those who haven't been taught proper hygiene techniques. Parents should educate their children about cleaning the genital area to prevent this condition.

Is balanoposthitis limited to uncircumcised individuals?
While balanoposthitis is more common in uncircumcised males due to the potential for smegma accumulation, it can also affect circumcised individuals, often due to infections or skin conditions.

Can diabetes increase the risk of balanoposthitis?
Yes, diabetes can increase the risk of balanoposthitis. Elevated blood sugar levels can create a favourable environment for bacterial and fungal growth, leading to inflammation.

What is Zoon's balanitis?
Zoon's balanitis, also known as plasma cell balanitis, is a chronic inflammation of the glans penis. Its exact cause is unclear, but it's often associated with poor hygiene and might require topical steroids or other anti-inflammatory treatments.

Can balanoposthitis lead to penile cancer?
There's a minimal association between balanoposthitis and penile cancer. However, chronic inflammation and persistent infections could contribute to an increased risk over time. Regular medical check-ups are important.

Is self-treatment recommended for balanoposthitis?
No, Self-treatment is not recommended, especially if the cause is unclear.

How long does it take for balanoposthitis to resolve with treatment?
Mild cases might improve within a few days, while more severe cases could take several weeks to resolve.

Can corticosteroid creams be used for balanoposthitis?
Corticosteroid creams can be prescribed for certain types of balanoposthitis to reduce inflammation and itching. However, their use should be under medical supervision due to potential side effects.

Are there natural remedies for balanoposthitis?
While good hygiene is a natural preventive measure, relying solely on natural remedies is not recommended for treating balanoposthitis. Medical evaluation and treatment are crucial for effective management.

When should I seek medical attention for balanoposthitis?
You should seek medical attention if you experience persistent symptoms such as redness, swelling, pain, discharge, or difficulty urinating.

Review

FAQs reviewed by Dr. Pankaj Gaur - Senior Consultant – Renal Transplant & Urology, Paediatric (Ped) Urology, Kidney Transplant.