Cardiac (Radiofrequency) Ablation Surgery in Delhi, India

EPS RFA (Electrophysiology Study Radiofrequency Ablation) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat heart rhythm disorders like atrial fibrillation by targeting the heart tissue responsible for the abnormal electrical signals. This procedure combines two techniques- electrophysiology study (EPS) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) to locate and destroy the tissue causing the heart rhythm disorder. EPS RFA is considered a safe and effective treatment option for many patients with heart rhythm disorders.

Procedure type:

Minimally invasive procedure

Alternate Names:

Catheter ablation, cardiac ablation, radiofrequency ablation.

Speciality:

Cardiology

Associated Anatomy:

The heart

Why Need an EPS and RFA?

EPS RFA treats heart rhythm disorders that do not respond to medication or other non-invasive treatments. It is typically recommended for patients who have atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, or supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The procedure eliminates the source of the abnormal signals or breaks the pathway of the abnormal current and restores normal heart rhythm.

The scope of EPS RFA now includes many other rhythm disorders, like ventricular tachycardia,  ventricular fibrillation and even frequent ventricular ectopics. These patients often require 3D electro-anatomical mapping by a CARTO or NAVICS system of catheters and external patches to allow precise delivery of therapies in 3 dimensions. Though complex, this can be lifesaving in complex ventricular and even supraventricular arrhythmias.

What are the Benefits of EPS and RFA?

EPS RFA offers several benefits over traditional treatments for heart rhythm disorders, such as medication or open-heart surgery. These benefits include:

• High success rate: EPS RFA has a high success rate in treating atrial fibrillation and other heart rhythm disorders.
• Minimally invasive: EPS RFA is a minimally invasive procedure that does not require open-heart surgery, which means less pain, scarring, and recovery time for patients.
• Fewer complications: EPS RFA has a lower risk of complications than traditional surgical procedures, such as bleeding or infection.
• Improved quality of life: EPS RFA can improve the quality of life for patients with heart rhythm disorders by reducing symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, and fatigue.

Preparation for EP Study and RFA

- Patients should follow their doctor's instructions when preparing for EPS RFA.

- The doctor may advise lab, imaging, and diagnostic tests to make sure the patient is fit for the procedure.

- Fasting for several hours before the procedure may be necessary.

- The doctor may continue or discontinue the use of certain medications.

- Someone must make arrangements to drive the patient home after the procedure.

How is the Cardiac Radiofrequency Ablation Procedure Performed?

- EPS RFA is performed under local anesthesia and mild sedation.

- A catheter is inserted through a small incision in the groin or neck and guided to the heart.

- Small electrodes on the catheter are used to map the heart's electrical signals and locate the tissue causing the abnormal rhythm.

- Once the tissue is located, radiofrequency energy is applied through the catheter to destroy the tissue and restore normal heart rhythm.

Risk Associated with Catheter Ablation

Like all medical procedures, EPS RFA has some risks. These risks include:

- Bleeding

- Infection

- Damage to the blood vessels or heart

- Arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm).

Recovery after RFA Procedure

- After EPS RFA, patients typically need to stay in the hospital overnight for observation.

- Most patients may resume normal activities in a few days to a week, although strenuous activities should be avoided for several weeks.

- Patients may experience some mild discomfort or soreness at the catheter insertion site, but it should resolve within a few days.

- Patients should follow their doctor's instructions on post-procedure care and medication.

EPS RFA is a safe and effective treatment option for heart rhythm disorders that do not respond to medication or other non-invasive treatments. It is minimally invasive, has a high success rate, and offers many benefits over traditional surgical procedures.

Frequently Asked Questions 

How painful is radiofrequency ablation?

Patients may feel pressure or mild discomfort as the catheter moves through the blood vessels to the heart, but this typically subsides quickly. After the procedure, patients experience some mild discomfort or soreness at the site of the catheter insertion, but this can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers.

How many times can radiofrequency ablation be done?

There is no set limit on the number of times radiofrequency ablation can be performed on a patient. However, the decision to perform repeat ablations depends on various factors, like underlying heart rhythm disorders, severity of symptoms, and patient's overall health. In some cases, a single ablation procedure may be enough to treat the heart rhythm disorder. In other instances, repeat ablations may be necessary to achieve the desired outcome.

How long can you live after ablation?

A patient's life after ablation depends on factors such as underlying heart conditions, overall health, and lifestyle choices. Following the doctor's recommendations for medication use, lifestyle modifications, and follow-up care after the procedure optimizes their long-term outcomes.

What is the success rate of EPS-RFA?

The success rate of electrophysiology studies (EPS) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) varies depending on the specific heart rhythm disorder being treated and other factors, such as the patient's age and overall health.

Review

Reviewed By Dr. Rajiv Agarwal, Principal Director & Unit Head, Cardiac Sciences, Cardiology, Interventional Cardiology on 13 May 2024