Kidney Transplant
Overview
Kidney Transplant is done when the patient is suffering from End-Stage renal Disease (kidneys lose about 90% of their functioning). The common causes that may lead to this condition are:
- Uncontrolled/high blood pressure
- Diabetes
- Polycystic Kidney disease
- Analgesic Abuse
- Glomerulonephritis
The patient usually has three options available:
- Haemodialysis: The patient requires atleast 2-3 dialysis sessions per week in the hospital. To maintain such a patient on dialysis, a vascular access is required through which arterial blood is pumped in the dialysis machine. After cleaning, the blood is then returned to the body.
- Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): In this, a tube is inserted in the abdomen by doing a small operation. The patient fills the dialysis liquid in the abdomen and keeps it for 60-90 minutes. Around 2-3 exchanges are to be made daily to keep the body functions normal. The procedure is comparatively costly and can lead to infection if not done properly.
- Kidney Transplant: A healthy kidney from another person is placed in the patients’ body to sustain normal renal functioning. The patient is kept on dialysis till the time renal transplant is done. The procedure ensures a normal functioning for the patient. At Max, we offer we offer all kinds of kidney transplants, including an advanced ABO Incompatible Kidney Transplant procedure (transplant without a blood type match), Second Transplant, Paediatric Transplant etc.
ABO Incompatible Kidney Transplant
| Patient Blood Group | Donor Blood Group |
|---|---|
| AB | A,B,AB,O |
| A | A,O |
| B | B,O |
| O | O |
- Donor should be of the same blood group or O +ve like in blood transfusion. Such a transplant is called as ABO compatible Kidney Transplant.
- Donor’s kidney must be in a good condition to sustain normal renal functioning.
- A HLA typing is also done to determine how many antigens are matching. Minimum mismatch means a long term graft survival.
At Max, we are doing laparoscopic donor nephrotecomy that allows the patient to move around freely from the next day. Generally discharging is done on the 3rd and 4th post-operative day. However, long term follow up shows that with proper modification of lifestyle, the patients can lead a normal life.
The appropriate candidates will be the one:
- In whom the transplant can be successfully performed
- Who are able to withstand the after effects of surgery
- Who adheres to the treatment plan suggested by the doctor and attends follow-up checkups.
After the operation, you need to stay in the hospital for atleast a week. You will be undergoing post-operative investigations to monitor the amount of urine produced, levels of essential medications. You have to ensure continuous follow-ups with the doctor to know whether the kidney is functioning normally.
