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Internal Medicine

Internal Medicine

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Overview

Internal Medicine deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of infective & non infective illnesses in adult patients. Internists (physicians) are skilled in managing patients who are suffering from undifferentiated or multi-system diseases.

Department of Internal Medicine is backbone of any hospital which takes care of admitted patients as well as patients coming in the ou patient department with a broader vision & expertise. Department of Internal Medicine provides comprehensive care with the help of its sub-specialities including emergency & critical care departments to patients with multiple organ systems involvement.

Thanks to our dedicated team of Internal Medicine consultants, our patients get the best treatment irrespective of disease complexity or rarity. Best practices are deployed in managing various communicable or infectious and noncommunicable diseases. These are mainly viral febrile illnesses like dengue, chikungunya, chicken pox, influenza etc., malaria, typhoid, tuberculosis, pneumonia, hepatitis, meningitis, liver abscess, urinary tract infections. Department also deals with noncommunicable chronic diseases like Diabetes, HTN, COPD, Bronchial Asthma, migraine, stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease, arthritis etc.

Internal medicine is a vast medical speciality that involves diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases. It has various subspecialties that are as follows:

  • Cardiology deals with the diseases and disorders related to the heart. Some common conditions include heart attacks, congestive heart failure, and valvular heart disease among others.
  • Endocrinology deals with issues related to the endocrine system, i.e., the system of glands that produces hormones like thyroid hormone, growth hormone and insulin. Some common conditions include diabetes and thyroid disease.
  • Pulmonology deals with the medical conditions related to the respiratory tract. Some pulmonological diseases are asthma, tuberculosis, lung cancer and more.
  • Gastroenterology deals with the defects and diseases of the liver, pancreas, gallbladder and biliary tree. Some conditions that are treated are cirrhosis, hepatitis, pancreatitis and liver failure.
  • Nephrology deals with the diseases of kidneys. Nephrological conditions include kidney failure, kidney stones, hypertension, nephritis and chronic kidney diseases.
  • Infectious Diseases refer to the diseases that are caused by organisms such as bacteria, fungi and viruses. Some infectious diseases are influenza, chicken pox, measles, dengue fever, tuberculosis, typhoid symptoms, malaria etc.
  • Rheumatology refer to diseases of joints & connective tissue that include rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, Spondyloarthropathies etc.
  • Haematology deals with various conditions like anaemia, leukemia, lymphoma etc.

Here at Max Healthcare, we have excellent team of doctors who provide superior care & management. Our services are not just limited to the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases but also extend to create awareness about a healthy life style & prevention of non communicable diseases.

Internal Medicine: Condition & Treatments

Autoimmune Diseases

The immune system is a collection of special cells and chemicals that fight infection-causing agents such as bacteria and viruses. An autoimmune disorder occurs when a person's immune system mistakenly attacks their own body tissues like the skin or joints as foreign. This causes it to release proteins known as auto antibodies which attack the healthy cells. Autoimmune disorders are broadly grouped into two categories 'organ-specific' means one organ is affected, while in 'non-organ-specific' disorders, multiple organs or body systems may be affected. There are around 80 different autoimmune disorders ranging in severity from mild to disabling, depending on which system of the body is under attack and to what degree. For unknown reasons, women are more susceptible than men, particularly during their childbearing years. It is thought that sex hormones may be at least partly responsible. There is generally no cure, but the symptoms of autoimmune disorders can be managed.

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Common Cold

Common cold generally causes a runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing. Some people may also experience a sore throat, cough, headache, or other symptoms. Symptoms generally start about 2 or 3 days after you come in contact with the virus, although it could take up to a week.

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Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is a serious disorder that can cause severe damage to the lungs and digestive system. Cystic fibrosis affects the cells that produce mucus, sweat and digestive juices. It is one of the most common chronic lung diseases in children and young adults.

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Fever (Pyrexia)

Fever is generally a medical condition characterized by an elevation of body temperature above the normal range of 36.5-37.5 degree Celsius due to an increase in the temperature regulatory set-point. When body temperature increases, there is a feeling of cold despite an increasing body temperature. It can also be a symptom of other disease, like typhoid fever. If you feel the typhoid fever symptoms, you should consult doctor.

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Glycosuria

In glycosuria, glucose is excreted through the urine rather than being reabsorbed by the kidney. This happens when the kidneys fail to absorb sugars back into the bloodstream or when there's excess sugar in the blood. Hyperglycemia often develops as a result of diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, enough insulin is not produced, while in type 2 diabetes, insulin becomes resistant to glucose. As a result, excessive sugar accumulates in the bloodstream and is excreted through the urine. In such cases, kidneys fail to reabsorb these high quantities of sugar and let them pass through the urine. Glycosuria occurs in the urine. For glucosuria to happen, the blood sugar concentration has to exceed 180 mg/dl. Interestingly, glycosuria may occur even when a person does not have diabetes. Such a case indicates impaired renal function. In addition, sugar may be present in the urine in isolation or with other substances. These substances include amino acids and uric acid—for instance, Fanconi syndrome, in which excess substances are excreted through the urine. People who have normal blood sugar levels, but take SGLT-2 inhibitors for diabetes, might also have glycosuria.

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Headache

A headache or cephalalgia refers to pain anywhere in the region of the head or neck. Nine areas of the head and neck have these pain-sensitive structures, which are the cranium (the periosteum of the skull), muscles, nerves, arteries and veins, subcutaneous tissues, eyes, ears, sinuses and mucous membranes.

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Loose Motion (Diarrhea)

Loose motions or Diarrhoea is characterised by having three or more loose, semi-formed or liquid bowel movements in a day. Diarrhoea that lasts for a few days is called acute diarrhoea and is easily treatable, but in some cases, loose motions that persist for 3 weeks or more are called chronic diarrhoea. The major cause of concern during loose motions is the development of dehydration (loss of fluids and electrolytes). Chronic diarrhoea can also lead to malabsorption of nutrients. Untreated diarrhoea in developing countries may be a common cause of death, and it is the second most common cause of infant deaths worldwide.

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Stomach Ache (Abdominal Pain)

Stomach ache or abdominal pain is a common symptom associated with transient disorders or serious disease. There could be many reasons behind the onset of abdominal pain such as inflammation, distention of an organ, or by loss of bloody supply to an organ. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) may be caused by contraction of the intestinal muscles or hyper-sensitivity to normal intestinal activities. Sometime abdominal pains also cause due to bacterial infection like typhoid which also cause headache if you have abdominal pain it can also be a symptom of typhoid fever. 

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Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is an acute illness characterised by fever arising from the Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi bacteria. It can also be due to Salmonella paratyphi, being an associated bacterium that usually causes a less severe illness. The bacteria are accumulated in water or food by a human carrier and are then spread to other people in the area. The bacterium strives in the intestinal areas and bloodstream of humans. It circulates between individuals by direct contact with the faeces of an infected person. S. Typhi enters via the mouth and stays for about 1 to 3 weeks in the intestine area. After this, it passes along the wall of the intestine and finally into the circulatory system. From there, it moves into adjoining tissues and organs as well. The immune system of the individual is unable to fight back because S. Typhi can live within the host’s cells, safe from the immune system. Typhoid fever is caused either by drinking or eating the bacteria which is present in contaminated water or food items. People with acute onset of infection can pollute the nearby water supply by means of stool, which has a high concentration of the bacteria. Contamination of the water supply can, in turn, taint the food supply. The bacteria can remain for weeks in water or dried sewage.

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Our Medical Experts

Max Healthcare is home to 4800+ eminent doctors in the world, most of whom are pioneers in their respective fields. Additionally, they are renowned for developing innovative and revolutionary clinical procedures.

Our Medical Experts

Max Healthcare is home to 4800+ eminent doctors in the world, most of whom are pioneers in their respective fields. Additionally, they are renowned for developing innovative and revolutionary clinical procedures.

Find a Doctor
Find a Doctor

Real Patients, Real Stories.

This monsoon, Stay Flu-free, stay healthy!

Treated by Dr. R.S.Mishra, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket

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This monsoon, Stay Flu-free, stay healthy!

Treated by Dr. R.S.Mishra , Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket

View all

Internal Medicine Blogs

Know All About the H3N2 Influenza Virus

H3N2 influenza A type virus is a strain of the influenza virus known to cause seasonal flu epidemics. It was first detected in humans in 1968 and has since become a major cause of flu-related illnesses and deaths worldwide.

Dr. Sandeep Budhiraja In Internal Medicine

HIV And AIDS Are Not the Same Thing

Often, HIV and AIDS are used interchangeably. HIV is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is the third stage of HIV. Due to the advancements in medical research, people who are compliant with antiretroviral treatment do not progress to stage 3 of HIV/AIDS.

Dr. Mukesh Mehra In Internal Medicine

Your Ultimate Guide to Handwashing

You might consider handwashing to be a simple activity. But handwashing is critical for controlling many diseases such as typhoid, eye infections, diarrhoea, and other gastrointestinal infections.

Dr. Prem Narayan Vaish In Internal Medicine

Diet to Keep the Liver Healthy

The body needs fuel to function properly. A healthy diet means eating items that have been minimally processed or are unprocessed. We are at a time where lots of foods we consume are not nutritionally dense- they are high in refined flours, saturated fats and sugar.

Dr. Mukesh Mehra In Internal Medicine

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Our Internal Medicine Hospital Network

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Max Super Speciality Hospital, Mohali
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Max Super Speciality Hospital, Shalimar Bagh
4.30
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Max Super Speciality Hospital, Dehradun
4.30
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Max Multi Speciality Centre, Noida
4.20
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Max Super Speciality Hospital, Bathinda
4.20
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