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Hematuria (Blood in Urine)
Overview
Haematuria is a condition where there is a presence of blood/red blood cells in urine. It can affect the kidneys and the bladder.
Hematuria refers to the presence of red blood cells in the urine. This is actually a sign that there is a kidney stone or a tumor in the urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, prostate, and urethra), ranging from trivial to lethal.
There are two types of haematuria:
- Gross haematuria - here, the presence of blood is visible to the naked eye
- Microscopic haematuria - here, the presence of blood is generally found when seen under a microscope
Common Hematuria symptoms are:
- Painful, frequent, or urgent urination
- Passing blood clots in urine
- Urine in pink, red, or cola colour
- Fever
- Bladder pain
The most common hematuria causes include:
- Kidney infection
- Trauma
- Urinary tract infections (UTI)
- Certain medications
- Bladder and Kidney stones - a kidney or bladder stone can cause microscopic and visible haematuria
- Enlarged prostate - an enlarged prostate (bph) can compress the bladder and cause gross and microscopic haematuria.
- Urological cancers (cancer of the kidney, ureter bladder).
- Inherited diseases - diseases like Sickle Cell can cause haematuria (Sickle Cell disease is a haemoglobin disease that can show up in both visible and microscopic haematuria)
- Glomerulonephritis - refers to the inflammation of the kidney.
- Injury to the kidney
Factors that put you at risk for haematuria are:
- Family history
- Medications
- Strenuous exercise
- Urinary tract infection
- Smoking
- Having a catheter in the urinary tract for long periods
The cause of blood in urine can be serious. It is necessary to receive appropriate care for haematuria.
- Urinalysis
- Urine culture
- Blood tests
- Kidney ultrasound
- CT scan
- Cystoscopy
- Renal biopsy
- Testing for blood disorders
Hematuria treatment ranges from antibiotic therapy to surgery, depending on the underlying cause.
-
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) – Avoid unsuitable foods/beverages/over the counter medications. Single or a combination of two drugs is typically used. If ineffective, endoscopic surgery may be carried out.
- Kidney and bladder stones - Procedures to break /remove the stones may be necessary.
- Kidney disease - Treated as necessary. Dialysis if there is kidney failure.
- Medications that induce hematuria (such as aspirin, clopilet, quinine may need to be discontinued).
- Trauma-induced hematuria - Treated according to the problem ranging from rest to surgery
- Urinary tract blockages - Removal of the blockage
- Infection induced hematuria - Medications
- Cancer caused hematuria - Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery
At Max hospital, get the second opinion from the expert team if you are facing the issue of blood in the urine. Connect with the well-dedicated team of Max and get helpful solutions for your issue.
Complete recovery can be made when treated at the right time.
Reviewed by Dr. Anant Kumar, Chairman - Urology Renal Transplant and Robotics of Max Saket Complex, Max Vaishali and Uro - Oncology of MSSH Saket, Urology, Kidney Transplant, Robotic Surgery on 24-Jan-2023.
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Our Medical Experts
Max Healthcare is home to 4800+ eminent doctors in the world, most of whom are pioneers in their respective fields. Additionally, they are renowned for developing innovative and revolutionary clinical procedures.
