
Why is hernia surgery required?
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Nigam in General Surgery
Apr 13 , 2015 | 1 min read
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Why is hernia surgery required?
Hernia causes pain and discomfort & can cause dangerous complications such as intestinal obstruction, strangulation (hampering of blood supply), and gangrene (tissue death) which are life-threatening conditions. It never gets cured itself.
The hernia operation is essentially done to:
- Replace the protruded organ back to the abdominal cavity.
- Repair the weak area of the abdominal wall through which protrusion occurs.
Usually, the hernia operation is performed by either of the two following techniques
- Open Tension-free Hernia Repair: A prosthesis such as polypropylene mesh is introduced from outside to cover the defect. An open operation may be done under local anesthesia.
- Laparoscopic Hernia Repair: A prosthesis such as polypropylene mesh is used to cover the defect through the abdominal cavity. Laparoscopic hernia repair is under general anesthesia. Nowadays local anesthesia used is long-acting, so the effect lasts for 4 to 6 hours. The patient walks out of the operation theatre and is soon discharged.
If I do not go for hernia surgery, then can it cause any harm?
Usually, a hernia is a reducible bulge that goes back to the abdomen on lying or on manipulation. Hernia can lead to the following complications:
- Irreducibility- Hernia cannot be pushed back into the abdomen.
- Obstruction – The intestine in the hernia is blocked.
- Incarceration – hernia is painful and not reducible.
- Strangulation – pain, vomiting, and inability to pass flatus and stool develops. The blood supply of the intestine is cut off.
- The intestine loop dies. It is a dangerous and life-threatening condition
What is a hernia and how does it occur?
A hernia is a protrusion of a body organ through a weak area or a natural orifice through which it does not pass ordinarily.
Usually, the term hernia means abdominal wall hernia. It occurs due to a weakness in the abdominal wall. It may be congenital (by birth) or acquired.
Swelling or a bulge is noticed when the patient strains or stands. Some hernias cause pain and some do not cause any pain. The first sign may be a bulge. You may have discomfort or dragging pain.
What causes a hernia?
The common causes are:
- Straining while defecating as in chronic constipation
- Excessive coughing
- Over strenuous exercises
- Smoking causes coughing and deficiency of collagen tissue which causes weakness of the abdominal wall.
What are the types of hernia?
- Inguinal Hernia
- Femoral Hernia
- Umbilical Hernia
- Incisional Hernia
- Epigastric Hernia
- Hiatal Hernia

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