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The testes consist of numerous cell types, each of which can develop into a malignant tumour. The cell type matters when deciding the treatment plan and the prognosis.
Testicular cancer can be divided into four types:
Testicular cancer generally affects only one testicle. The symptoms of testicular cancer are:
The precise cause of testicular cancer is not known. Factors that may contribute to the development of testicular cancer are:
Factors that may contribute to the development of testicular cancer are:
Testicular cancer is diagnosed on routine examination or during self-examination to check for lumps. Once a lump is detected, it needs to be worked up to ascertain the nature of the lump. Tests include:
Treating testicular cancer depends on several factors, such as the type and stage of cancer, overall health, and patient preference. However, the most common treatment options available are:
The surgical options to treat testicular cancer include:
Radiation therapy makes use of X-rays to destroy cancer cells. During radiation therapy, the patient is asked to lie on a table. Then, a large machine moves around, aiming the energy beams at precise points on the body. Radiation is especially beneficial in patients with seminoma, as these tumours are highly sensitive to radiation and respond very well to radiotherapy. Side effects may include fatigue, skin redness, nausea, and irritation in the abdominal and groin areas. Radiation therapy may reduce sperm counts and impact fertility in some men temporarily.
Systemic chemotherapy is needed when the patients have widespread metastatic disease or when the tumour markers are very high. These drugs are injected intravenously and circulated in the bloodstream. The most commonly used drugs are Bleomycin, Etoposide and Cisplatin.
Side effects depend on the precise drugs being used.Some common side effects include nausea, hair loss, fatigue, and an increased risk of infection. However, medications and treatments are available that lower some of the side effects. Chemotherapy may also lead to permanent infertility in some men.The most common complication of any cancer is metastasis (spreading to other body parts). Testicular cancer also has the tendency to spread. It may affect:
Complications accompanying surgery and chemotherapy may include:
Max Healthcare is home to 5000 eminent doctors in the world, most of whom are pioneers in their respective fields. Additionally, they are renowned for developing innovative and revolutionary clinical procedures.
Max Healthcare is home to 5000 eminent doctors in the world, most of whom are pioneers in their respective fields. Additionally, they are renowned for developing innovative and revolutionary clinical procedures.
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